Kuans, Johara Wells, & Step Wells

In the semi-arid and desert regions of Rajasthan where water is at a premium, wells are an important feature. They are typically financed by rulers or wealthy merchants.

During our travels we saw at least three types of well. One, a kuan, was located in the courtyard of Dundlod fort (no photograph taken). The kuan stood in one corner of the courtyard. It's platform was raised above the ground level. The well itself was surrounded by tall pillars between which a wooden pulley wheel was set. Ropes would be used to raise and lower the water container.

On the road between Dundlod and Bikaner, we stopped to inspect a johara well (see photographs below). Johara wells consist of a large rectangular masonry-lined pit which fills during the monsoon rains. The bottom level is usually dug at the lowest point in the topography. The floor of the well gradually steps down giving access to the water level as it changes. The well we visited also had a ramp which entered the well at one side allowing sheep and cattle to use the well. Most johara wells contain decorative arches and domes. Ours was no exception.

In Osiyan we saw an impressive step well (see photographs below). The well is constructed of a brick lined pit dug to below the water level. A series of steps, constructed in the walls in a decorative X pattern, allow access to the water. Unfortunately, many of these wells have dried up as the water table has sunk.

For information on step wells, visit this University of California web site:
Architecture of Step wells

Click on the links below for an enlarged view of the photos.

Johara well with some water remaining.	Decorative domes of the Johara well.
Side view of step well.	Head on view of step well.